![]() ![]() ![]() Hypoxia, low nutrients, immunosuppressive cells, and soluble mediators characterize the intratumor microenvironment responsible for the metabolic deregulation of infiltrating immune cells such as NK cells. Natural killer (NK) cells may become functionally exhausted entering hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and this has been associated with tumor progression and poor clinical outcome. 2Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.1Unit of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Laboratory of Viral Immunopathology, Azienda Ospedaliero–Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy.Alessandra Zecca 1, Valeria Barili 2, Andrea Olivani 1, Elisabetta Biasini 1, Carolina Boni 1, Paola Fisicaro 1, Ilaria Montali 1,2, Camilla Tiezzi 1,2, Raffaele Dalla Valle 2, Carlo Ferrari 1,2, Elisabetta Cariani 3 and Gabriele Missale 1,2*
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